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1.
J Orthop Surg Res ; 19(1): 264, 2024 Apr 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38664852

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of herniation of cartilaginous endplates on postoperative pain and functional recovery in patients undergoing percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 126 patients with LDH treated with PELD at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022. Whether cartilaginous endplates had herniated was identified by analyzing these specific findings from MRI scans: posterior marginal nodes, posterior osteophytes, mid endplate irregularities, heterogeneous low signal intensity of extruded material, and Modic changes in posterior corners and mid endplates. Patients were assessed for postoperative pain using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and functional recovery using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Modified MacNab criteria. Statistical analyses compared outcomes based on the presence of herniation of cartilaginous endplates. RESULTS: Patients with herniation of cartilaginous endplates experienced higher pain scores early postoperatively but showed significant improvement in pain and functional status over the long term. The back pain VAS scores showed significant differences between the groups with and without herniation of cartilaginous endplates on postoperative day 1 and 1 month (P < 0.05). Leg pain VAS scores showed significant differences on postoperative day 1 (P < 0.05). Modic changes were significantly associated with variations in postoperative recovery, highlighting their importance in predicting patient outcomes. In patients with herniation of cartilaginous endplates, there were statistically significant differences in the back pain VAS scores at 1 month postoperatively and the ODI functional scores on postoperative day 1 between the groups with and without Modic changes (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the surgical outcomes between patients with and without these conditions regarding the Modified MacNab criteria (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Herniation of cartilaginous endplates significantly affect early postoperative pain and functional recovery in LDH patients undergoing PELD. These findings emphasize the need for clinical consideration of these imaging features in the preoperative planning and postoperative management to enhance patient outcomes and satisfaction.


Assuntos
Discotomia Percutânea , Endoscopia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral , Vértebras Lombares , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Humanos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Feminino , Discotomia Percutânea/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Endoscopia/métodos , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Medição da Dor , Cartilagem/diagnóstico por imagem , Idoso , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
2.
Med Sci Monit ; 30: e943738, 2024 Apr 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38664941

RESUMO

BACKGROUND The pathological mechanism of osteoarthritis is still unclear. The regulation of the immune microenvironment has been of growing interest in the progression and treatment of osteoarthritis. Macrophages with different phenotypes, producing different cytokines, have been linked to the mechanism of cartilage injury in osteoarthritis. Copper ions play a role in the immune response and are involved in the pathological mechanisms of osteoarthritis by affecting the metabolism of the cartilage matrix. Bioactive glass (BG) is an osteogenic material with superior biocompatibility. Here, we report on the regulatory behavior of macrophages using a copper-based composite BG material. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cu-BGC powder was prepared by sol-gel method, and scaffolds were fabricated and characterized using 3D printing. Macrophage cultures grown with Cu-BGC were examined for cell culture and proliferation. The effect of Cu-BGC on the degradation metabolism of chondrocytes, cultured in the environment of inflammatory cytokine IL-1ß, was determined. In addition, the morphology of macrophages, secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and expression of surface markers were examined. RESULTS The results show that Cu-BGC promotes macrophage proliferation at a range of concentrations and increases the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines while inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines. At the same time, M2-type cell surface markers are definitely expressed and the morphology of macrophages is altered. In addition, Cu-BGC inhibited the degradation metabolism of chondrocytes in the inflammatory environment induced by IL-1ß. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Cu-BGC induced macrophage polarization into an M2 type anti-inflammatory phenotype, and inhibition of immune injury response may play a role in delaying cartilage matrix damage in osteoarthritis.


Assuntos
Proliferação de Células , Condrócitos , Cobre , Citocinas , Macrófagos , Osteoartrite , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Osteoartrite/patologia , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Animais , Condrócitos/metabolismo , Condrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Condrócitos/patologia , Cobre/metabolismo , Cobre/farmacologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Camundongos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Cartilagem Articular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cartilagem Articular/metabolismo , Cartilagem/metabolismo , Cartilagem/efeitos dos fármacos , Cartilagem/patologia , Células RAW 264.7 , Vidro , Tecidos Suporte
3.
Cell Mol Biol Lett ; 29(1): 56, 2024 Apr 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38643083

RESUMO

During growth phase, antlers exhibit a very rapid rate of chondrogenesis. The antler is formed from its growth center reserve mesenchyme (RM) cells, which have been found to be the derivatives of paired related homeobox 1 (Prrx1)-positive periosteal cells. However, the underlying mechanism that drives rapid chondrogenesis is not known. Herein, the miRNA expression profiles and chromatin states of three tissue layers (RM, precartilage, and cartilage) at different stages of differentiation within the antler growth center were analyzed by RNA-sequencing and ATAC-sequencing. We found that miR-140-3p was the miRNA that exhibited the greatest degree of upregulation in the rapidly growing antler, increasing from the RM to the cartilage layer. We also showed that Prrx1 was a key upstream regulator of miR-140-3p, which firmly confirmed by Prrx1 CUT&Tag sequencing of RM cells. Through multiple approaches (three-dimensional chondrogenic culture and xenogeneic antler model), we demonstrated that Prrx1 and miR-140-3p functioned as reciprocal negative feedback in the antler growth center, and downregulating PRRX1/upregulating miR-140-3p promoted rapid chondrogenesis of RM cells and xenogeneic antler. Thus, we conclude that the reciprocal negative feedback between Prrx1 and miR-140-3p is essential for balancing mesenchymal proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation in the regenerating antler. We further propose that the mechanism underlying chondrogenesis in the regenerating antler would provide a reference for helping understand the regulation of human cartilage regeneration and repair.


Assuntos
Chifres de Veado , MicroRNAs , Animais , Humanos , Condrogênese/genética , Retroalimentação , Cartilagem/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular/genética , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/metabolismo
4.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban ; 55(2): 273-278, 2024 Mar 20.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38645844

RESUMO

Osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) is a localized cartilage and subchondral bone injury of the talus trochlea. OLT is caused by trauma and other reasons, including osteochondritis dissecans of the talus (OCD) and talus osteochondral tangential fracture. OLT can develop from being asymptomatic to subchondral bone cysts accompanied by deep ankle pain. OLT tends to occur on the medial and lateral sides of the talar vault. OLT seriously affects the patients' life and work and may even lead to disability. Herein, we reviewed advances in the treatment of OLT and the strengths and weaknesses of various treatments. Different treatment methods, including conservative treatments and surgical treatments, can be adopted according to the different subtypes or clinical symptoms of OLT. Conservative treatments mostly relieve symptoms in the short term and only slow down the disease. In recent years, it has been discovered that platelet-rich plasma injection, microfracture, periosteal bone grafting, talar cartilage transplantation, allograft bone transplantation, reverse drilling under robotic navigation, and other methods can achieve considerable benefits when each of these treatment methods is applied. Furthermore, microfracture combined with platelet-rich plasma injections, microfracture combined with cartilage transplantation, and various other treatment methods combined with anterior talofibular ligament repair have all led to good treatment outcomes.


Assuntos
Transplante Ósseo , Tálus , Tálus/lesões , Tálus/cirurgia , Humanos , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Osteocondrite Dissecante/terapia , Osteocondrite Dissecante/cirurgia , Cartilagem/transplante , Artroplastia Subcondral , Cartilagem Articular/lesões , Cartilagem Articular/cirurgia
5.
Acta Biomater ; 179: 106-120, 2024 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38561072

RESUMO

The reconstruction of posterior lamellar eyelid defects remains a significant challenge in clinical practice due to anatomical complexity, specialized function, and aesthetic concerns. The ideal substitute for the posterior lamellar should replicate the native tarsoconjunctival tissue, providing both mechanical support for the eyelids and a smooth surface for the globe after implantation. In this study, we present an innovative approach utilizing tissue-engineered cartilage (TEC) grafts generated from rabbit auricular chondrocytes and a commercialized type I collagen sponge to reconstruct critical-sized posterior lamellar defects in rabbits. The TEC grafts demonstrated remarkable mechanical strength and maintained a stable cartilaginous phenotype both in vitro and at 6 months post-implantation in immunodeficient mice. When employed as autografts to reconstruct tarsal plate defects in rabbits' upper eyelids, these TEC grafts successfully restored normal eyelid morphology, facilitated smooth eyelid movement, and preserved the histological structure of the conjunctival epithelium. When applied in bilayered tarsoconjunctival defect reconstruction, these TEC grafts not only maintained the normal contour of the upper eyelid but also supported conjunctival epithelial cell migration and growth from the defect margin towards the centre. These findings highlight that auricular chondrocyte-based TEC grafts hold great promise as potential candidates for clinical posterior lamellar reconstruction. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The complex structure and function of the posterior lamellar eyelid continue to be significant challenges for clinical reconstructive surgeries. In this study, we utilized autologous auricular chondrocyte-based TEC grafts for posterior lamellar eyelid reconstruction in a preclinical rabbit model. The TEC grafts exhibited native cartilaginous histomorphology and comparable mechanical strength to those of the native human tarsal plate. In rabbit models with either tarsal plate defects alone or bilayered tarsoconjunctival defects, TEC grafts successfully restored the normal eyelid contour and movement, as well as supported preservation and growth of conjunctival epithelium. This is the first study to demonstrate autologous TEC grafts can be employed for repairing tarsal plate defects, thereby offering an alternative therapeutic approach for treating posterior lamellar defects in clinic settings.


Assuntos
Pálpebras , Animais , Coelhos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Cartilagem , Transplante Autólogo , Condrócitos/transplante , Condrócitos/citologia
6.
Curr Med Sci ; 44(2): 355-368, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38570439

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disorder characterized by the gradual degradation of joint cartilage and local inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the anti-OA effect of scutellarein (SCU), a single-unit flavonoid compound obtained from Scutellaria barbata D. Don, in rats. METHODS: The extracted rat chondrocytes were treated with SCU and IL-1ß. The chondrocytes were divided into control group, IL-1ß group, IL-1ß+SCU 50 µmol/L group, and IL-1ß+SCU 100 µmol/L group. Morphology of rat chondrocytes was observed by toluidine blue and safranin O staining. CCK-8 method was used to detect the cytotoxicity of SCU. ELISA, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, SAß-gal staining, flow cytometry, and bioinformatics analysis were applied to evaluate the effect of SCU on rat chondrocytes under IL-1ß intervention. Additionally, anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACL-T) was used to establish a rat OA model. Histological changes were detected by safranin O/fast green, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: SCU protected cartilage and exhibited anti-inflammatory effects via multiple mechanisms. Specifically, it could enhance the synthesis of extracellular matrix in cartilage cells and inhibit its degradation. In addition, SCU partially inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B/mitogen-activated protein kinase (NF-κB/MAPK) pathway, thereby reducing inflammatory cytokine production in the joint cartilage. Furthermore, SCU significantly reduced IL-1ß-induced apoptosis and senescence in rat chondrocytes, further highlighting its potential role in OA treatment. In vivo experiments revealed that SCU (at a dose of 50 mg/kg) administered for 2 months could significantly delay the progression of cartilage damage, which was reflected in a lower Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score, and reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) in cartilage. CONCLUSION: SCU is effective in the therapeutic management of OA and could serve as a potential candidate for future clinical drug therapy for OA.


Assuntos
Apigenina , Condrócitos , Osteoartrite , Ratos , Animais , Osteoartrite/tratamento farmacológico , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Cartilagem
7.
Clin Orthop Surg ; 16(2): 242-250, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38562632

RESUMO

Background: During total knee arthroplasty (TKA), patellar retention is performed when the cartilage is fairly well preserved and the thickness of the patella is relatively thin. However, clinical outcomes of the non-resurfaced patella in TKA according to the cartilage status are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to compare patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) according to the grade and location of the patellar cartilage lesion in TKA patients. Methods: The outcomes of 165 osteoarthritis patients (186 knees) who underwent cemented mobile-bearing TKA without patellar resurfacing were assessed and classified according to the grade and location of the patellar cartilage lesion. PROMs using the Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index, the Knee Society Score (Knee Society Function Score and Knee Society Knee Score), and the Hospital for Special Surgery score were evaluated preoperatively and at postoperative 2, 4, 6, and 8 years. The correlations between PROMs and the grade and location of the cartilage lesion were assessed. Additionally, radiologic outcomes including the patellar tilt angle and patellar height were assessed and their correlation with the grade of cartilage lesion was analyzed. Analysis of variance was used to determine statistical significance. Results: There was no significant difference between PROMs according to the grades and locations of cartilage lesions at any postoperative follow-up. Radiologic parameters also showed no significant differences according to the grades of patellar cartilage lesions. Conclusions: The grade and location of the patellar cartilage lesion had no influence on clinical outcomes in mobile-bearing TKA with patellar retention at short- and long-term follow-up.


Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Osteoartrite do Joelho , Humanos , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Patela/diagnóstico por imagem , Patela/cirurgia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Cartilagem/cirurgia , Período Pós-Operatório , Resultado do Tratamento , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia
8.
Bone Res ; 12(1): 22, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38561376

RESUMO

The interoception maintains proper physiological conditions and metabolic homeostasis by releasing regulatory signals after perceving changes in the internal state of the organism. Among its various forms, skeletal interoception specifically regulates the metabolic homeostasis of bones. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex joint disorder involving cartilage, subchondral bone, and synovium. The subchondral bone undergoes continuous remodeling to adapt to dynamic joint loads. Recent findings highlight that skeletal interoception mediated by aberrant mechanical loads contributes to pathological remodeling of the subchondral bone, resulting in subchondral bone sclerosis in OA. The skeletal interoception is also a potential mechanism for chronic synovial inflammation in OA. In this review, we offer a general overview of interoception, specifically skeletal interoception, subchondral bone microenviroment and the aberrant subchondral remedeling. We also discuss the role of skeletal interoception in abnormal subchondral bone remodeling and synovial inflammation in OA, as well as the potential prospects and challenges in exploring novel OA therapies that target skeletal interoception.


Assuntos
Interocepção , Osteoartrite , Humanos , Osteoartrite/metabolismo , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Cartilagem/metabolismo , Inflamação
9.
J Drugs Dermatol ; 23(4): 262-267, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38564403

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Full thickness defects of the ala, soft triangle, and nasal tip involving the nasal lining have traditionally been repaired with the three-stage folded paramedian forehead flap (FPFF), with a cartilage graft for support. For similar defects, the authors utilize the two-stage FPFF without cartilaginous support which provides reproducible functional and aesthetic results.  Objective: To describe the authors’ experience with the two-stage FPFF, including outcomes, complications, and design modifications to enhance functional and aesthetic success.  Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective database review of FPFF was performed at two sites. Using postoperative photographs, outcomes were assessed by blinded non-investigator dermatologist raters using a modified observer scar assessment scale. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients were reconstructed using the two-stage FPFF without cartilage grafts. Subjective assessment of scar vascularity, pigment, relief, and thickness by 3 independent reviewers yielded an overall cosmesis score of 8.4±1.9 (out of 40). CONCLUSION: The two-stage FPFF without cartilage grafts is a reliable, cosmetically elegant repair that can provide optimal functional and aesthetic results for complex unilateral distal nose defects.J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(4): doi:10.36849/JDD.7358.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Nasais , Rinoplastia , Humanos , Rinoplastia/métodos , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Testa/cirurgia , Cicatriz/patologia , Nariz/cirurgia , Cartilagem/transplante , Neoplasias Nasais/cirurgia , Neoplasias Nasais/patologia
10.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord ; 25(1): 249, 2024 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38561725

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This study investigated the role of Galectin-3 in the degeneration of intervertebral disc cartilage. METHODS: The patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery due to degenerative disc disease were recruited and divided into Modic I, Modic II, and Modic III; groups. HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes in endplates. The changes of Galectin-3, MMP3, Aggrecan, CCL3, and Col II were detected by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and Western blot. MTT and flow cytometry were used to detect cartilage endplate cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. RESULTS: With the progression of degeneration (from Modic I to III), the chondrocytes and density of the cartilage endplate of the intervertebral disc decreased, and the collagen arrangement of the cartilage endplate of the intervertebral disc was broken and calcified. Meanwhile, the expressions of Aggrecan, Col II, Galectin-3, Aggrecan, and CCL3 gradually decreased. After treatment with Galectin-3 inhibitor GB1107, the proliferation of rat cartilage end plate cells was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). GB1107 (25 µmol/L) also significantly promoted the apoptosis of cartilage endplate cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, the percentage of cartilage endplate cells in the G1 phase was significantly higher, while that in the G2 and S phases was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP3, CCL3, and Aggrecan in rat cartilage end plate cells were lower than those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Galectin-3 decreases with the progression of the cartilage endplate degeneration of the intervertebral disc. Galectin-3 may affect intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating the degradation of the extracellular matrix.


Assuntos
Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral , Disco Intervertebral , Animais , Humanos , Ratos , Agrecanas/genética , Agrecanas/metabolismo , Cartilagem/metabolismo , Galectina 3/genética , Galectina 3/metabolismo , Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Metaloproteinase 3 da Matriz
11.
J Nanobiotechnology ; 22(1): 177, 2024 Apr 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38609995

RESUMO

The current first-line treatment for repairing cartilage defects in clinical practice is the creation of microfractures (MF) to stimulate the release of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); however, this method has many limitations. Recent studies have found that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) play an important role in tissue regeneration. This study aimed to verify whether MSC-EVs promote cartilage damage repair mediated by MFs and to explore the repair mechanisms. In vitro experiments showed that human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly MSC-EVs (hWJMSC-EVs) promoted the vitality of chondrocytes and the proliferation and differentiation ability of bone marrow-derived MSCs. This was mainly because hWJMSC-EVs carry integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), and cartilage and bone marrow-derived MSCs overexpress ITGB1 after absorbing EVs, thereby activating the transforming growth factor-ß/Smad2/3 axis. In a rabbit knee joint model of osteochondral defect repair, the injection of different concentrations of hWJMSC-EVs into the joint cavity showed that a concentration of 50 µg/ml significantly improved the formation of transparent cartilage after MF surgery. Extraction of regenerated cartilage revealed that the changes in ITGB1, transforming growth factor-ß, and Smad2/3 were directly proportional to the repair of regenerated cartilage. In summary, this study showed that hWJMSC-EVs promoted cartilage repair after MF surgery.


Assuntos
Fraturas de Estresse , Humanos , Animais , Coelhos , Cartilagem , Condrócitos , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta , Fatores de Crescimento Transformadores
12.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38563180

RESUMO

Cartilage mesenchyme hamartoma originates from the mesoderm and contains a blend of interstitium and cartilage, which is mostly benign tumor and is a non-neoplastic cartilage lesion with self-limiting hyperplasia. This article reports a infant with cervical chondromesenchymal hamartoma in the neck, the main clinical manifestations of which are asphyxia and acute respiratory distress, and the imaging features are often similar to those of malignant tumors.Radical resection operation under general anesthesia is the main treatment method, and the postoperative pathological diagnosis was cartilage mesenchyme, and immunohistochemistry showed Catenin(-),MDM2(+),CDK4(-),H3K36M(+),Myogenin (-),SMA (-).The clinical characteristics and diagnosis and treatment process of this case are reported and related literature is reviewed.


Assuntos
Cartilagem , Hamartoma , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Imuno-Histoquímica , Mesoderma/patologia
13.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 2940, 2024 Apr 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38580631

RESUMO

A major question in developmental and regenerative biology is how organ size and architecture are controlled by progenitor cells. While limb bones exhibit catch-up growth (recovery of a normal growth trajectory after transient developmental perturbation), it is unclear how this emerges from the behaviour of chondroprogenitors, the cells sustaining the cartilage anlagen that are progressively replaced by bone. Here we show that transient sparse cell death in the mouse fetal cartilage is repaired postnatally, via a two-step process. During injury, progression of chondroprogenitors towards more differentiated states is delayed, leading to altered cartilage cytoarchitecture and impaired bone growth. Then, once cell death is over, chondroprogenitor differentiation is accelerated and cartilage structure recovered, including partial rescue of bone growth. At the molecular level, ectopic activation of mTORC1 correlates with, and is necessary for, part of the recovery, revealing a specific candidate to be explored during normal growth and in future therapies.


Assuntos
Cartilagem , Condrócitos , Animais , Camundongos , Condrócitos/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Osso e Ossos , Morte Celular
14.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 68(2): 134-141, Mar-Abr. 2024. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-231893

RESUMO

Introducción: La grasa de las articulaciones sinoviales puede servir para el mantenimiento de la estructura articular. Nuestro objetivo es analizar la evolución de la degeneración articular en rodillas con y sin paquete adiposo. Material y metodología: En 6 ovejas se efectuó la sección del ligamento cruzado anterior en ambas rodillas, para provocar una artrosis. En un grupo se preservó el paquete adiposo y en otro grupo se extirpó completamente. Realizamos un estudio histológico y de biología molecular analizando la expresión, en la membrana sinovial, el hueso subcondral, cartílago, grasa, menisco y líquido sinovial, de RUNX2, PTHrP, catepsina-K y MCP1. Resultados: No encontramos diferencias morfológicas. Encontramos aumento de la expresión de RUNX2 en membrana sinovial, PTHrP y Catepsina K en líquido sinovial en el grupo sin grasa y aumento de la expresión RUNX2 en el menisco y MCP1 en líquido sinovial en el grupo con grasa. Conclusión: La grasa infrapatelar participa en el proceso inflamatorio que acompaña en la artrosis, pues la resección de la grasa de Hoffa altera los marcadores proinflamatorios, mientras que el modelo con la grasa intacta incrementa el marcador proinflamatorio MCP1 en líquido sinovial.(AU)


Introduction: The fat of the synovial joints can be used to maintain the joint structure. Our objective is to analyze the evolution of joint degeneration in knees with and without adipose pack. Material and methodology: In six sheep, the anterior cruciate ligament was sectioned in both knees, to cause osteoarthritis. In one group the fat pack was preserved and in another group it was completely removed. We performed a histological and molecular biology study analyzing the expression, in the synovial membrane, subchondral bone, cartilage, fat, meniscus, and synovial fluid, of RUNX2, PTHrP, cathepsin-K, and MCP1. Results: We did not find morphological differences. We found increased expression of RUNX2 in synovial membrane, PTHrP and Cathepsin K in synovial fluid in the group without fat, and increased expression of RUNX2 in the meniscus and MCP1 in synovial fluid in the group with fat. Conclusion: Infrapatellar fat participates in the inflammatory process that accompanies osteoarthritis, since Hoffa fat pad resection alters pro-inflammatory markers, while the model with intact fat increases the pro-inflammatory marker MCP1 in synovial fluid.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Joelho de Quadrúpedes/lesões , Líquido Sinovial , Cartilagem , Osteoartrite , Ovinos
15.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 68(2): T134-T141, Mar-Abr. 2024. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-231894

RESUMO

Introducción: La grasa de las articulaciones sinoviales puede servir para el mantenimiento de la estructura articular. Nuestro objetivo es analizar la evolución de la degeneración articular en rodillas con y sin paquete adiposo. Material y metodología: En 6 ovejas se efectuó la sección del ligamento cruzado anterior en ambas rodillas, para provocar una artrosis. En un grupo se preservó el paquete adiposo y en otro grupo se extirpó completamente. Realizamos un estudio histológico y de biología molecular analizando la expresión, en la membrana sinovial, el hueso subcondral, cartílago, grasa, menisco y líquido sinovial, de RUNX2, PTHrP, catepsina-K y MCP1. Resultados: No encontramos diferencias morfológicas. Encontramos aumento de la expresión de RUNX2 en membrana sinovial, PTHrP y Catepsina K en líquido sinovial en el grupo sin grasa y aumento de la expresión RUNX2 en el menisco y MCP1 en líquido sinovial en el grupo con grasa. Conclusión: La grasa infrapatelar participa en el proceso inflamatorio que acompaña en la artrosis, pues la resección de la grasa de Hoffa altera los marcadores proinflamatorios, mientras que el modelo con la grasa intacta incrementa el marcador proinflamatorio MCP1 en líquido sinovial.(AU)


Introduction: The fat of the synovial joints can be used to maintain the joint structure. Our objective is to analyze the evolution of joint degeneration in knees with and without adipose pack. Material and methodology: In six sheep, the anterior cruciate ligament was sectioned in both knees, to cause osteoarthritis. In one group the fat pack was preserved and in another group it was completely removed. We performed a histological and molecular biology study analyzing the expression, in the synovial membrane, subchondral bone, cartilage, fat, meniscus, and synovial fluid, of RUNX2, PTHrP, cathepsin-K, and MCP1. Results: We did not find morphological differences. We found increased expression of RUNX2 in synovial membrane, PTHrP and Cathepsin K in synovial fluid in the group without fat, and increased expression of RUNX2 in the meniscus and MCP1 in synovial fluid in the group with fat. Conclusion: Infrapatellar fat participates in the inflammatory process that accompanies osteoarthritis, since Hoffa fat pad resection alters pro-inflammatory markers, while the model with intact fat increases the pro-inflammatory marker MCP1 in synovial fluid.(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Joelho de Quadrúpedes/lesões , Líquido Sinovial , Cartilagem , Osteoartrite , Ovinos
16.
Sci Rep ; 14(1): 8069, 2024 04 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38580675

RESUMO

All attempts to identify male-specific growth genes in humans have failed. This study aimed to clarify why men are taller than women. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis of the cartilage tissues of four adults and chondrocytes of 12 children showed that the median expression levels of SHOX, a growth gene in the pseudoautosomal region (PAR), were higher in male samples than in female samples. Male-dominant SHOX expression was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR for 36 cartilage samples. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing of four cartilage samples revealed sex-biased DNA methylation in the SHOX-flanking regions, and pyrosequencing of 22 cartilage samples confirmed male-dominant DNA methylation at the CpG sites in the SHOX upstream region and exon 6a. DNA methylation indexes of these regions were positively correlated with SHOX expression levels. These results, together with prior findings that PAR genes often exhibit male-dominant expression, imply that the relatively low SHOX expression in female cartilage tissues reflects the partial spread of X chromosome inactivation into PAR. Altogether, this study provides the first indication that sex differences in height are ascribed, at least in part, to the sex-dependent epigenetic regulation of SHOX. Our findings deserve further validation.


Assuntos
Condrócitos , Proteínas de Homeodomínio , Criança , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Condrócitos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Proteína de Homoeobox de Baixa Estatura/genética , Metilação de DNA , Epigênese Genética , Cartilagem/metabolismo
17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38441133

RESUMO

We present three cases of posterior wall acetabulum fractures occurring in pediatric patients with open triradiate cartilage for whom preoperative magnetic resonance imaging was obtained and open reduction and internal fixation was done. All patients had excellent outcomes at an average of 68-week follow-up. Failure to adequately recognize the severity of pediatric acetabulum fractures can lead to detrimental long-term sequelae in acetabular development when treated nonsurgically. Management of this rare injury is not well reported in the literature. We highlight the utility of MRI in evaluating potential nonosseous injury and examining the articular surface to guide surgical management.


Assuntos
Fraturas do Quadril , Fraturas da Coluna Vertebral , Humanos , Criança , Acetábulo/diagnóstico por imagem , Acetábulo/cirurgia , Cartilagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética
18.
Int J Nanomedicine ; 19: 1683-1697, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38445226

RESUMO

Introduction: Cartilage regeneration is a challenging issue due to poor regenerative properties of tissues. Electrospun nanofibers hold enormous potentials for treatments of cartilage defects. However, nanofibrous materials used for the treatment of cartilage defects often require physical and/or chemical modifications to promote the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. Thus, it is highly desirable to improve their surface properties with functionality. We aim to design hydrophilic, adhesive, and compound K-loaded nanofibers for treatments of cartilage defects. Methods: Hydrophilic and adhesive compound K-containing polycaprolactone nanofibers (CK/PCL NFs) were prepared by coatings of gallic acid-conjugated chitosan (CHI-GA). Therapeutic effects of CHI-GA/CK/PCL NFs were assessed by the expression level of genes involved in the cartilage matrix degradation, inflammatory response, and lipid accumulations in the chondrocytes. In addition, Cartilage damage was evaluated by safranin O staining and immunohistochemistry of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) using OA animal models. To explore the pathway associated with therapeutic effects of CHI-GA/CK/PCL NFs, cell adhesion, phalloidin staining, and the expression level of integrins and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARs) were evaluated. Results: CHI-GA-coated side of the PCL NFs showed hydrophilic and adhesive properties, whereas the unmodified opposite side remained hydrophobic. The expression levels of genes involved in the degradation of the cartilage matrix, inflammation, and lipogenesis were decreased in CHI-GA/CK/PCL NFs owing to the release of CK. In vivo implantation of CHI-GA/CK/PCL NFs into the cartilage reduced cartilage degradation induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. Furthermore, the accumulation of lipid deposition and expression levels of IL-1ß was reduced through the upregulation of PPAR. Conclusion: CHI-GA/CK/PCL NFs were effective in the treatments of cartilage defects by inhibiting the expression levels of genes involved in cartilage degradation, inflammation, and lipogenesis as well as reducing lipid accumulation and the expression level of IL-1ß via increasing PPAR.


Assuntos
Quitosana , Ginsenosídeos , Nanofibras , Animais , Receptores Ativados por Proliferador de Peroxissomo , Cartilagem , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Regeneração , Lipídeos
19.
Curr Protoc ; 4(3): e1005, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38465381

RESUMO

Embryonic limb bud-derived micromass cultures are valuable tools for investigating cartilage development, tissue engineering, and therapeutic strategies for cartilage-related disorders. This collection of fine-tuned protocols used in our laboratories outlines step-by-step procedures for the isolation, expansion, and differentiation of primary mouse limb bud cells into chondrogenic micromass cultures. Key aspects covered in these protocols include synchronized fertilization of mice (Basic Protocol 1), tissue dissection, cell isolation, micromass formation, and culture optimization parameters, such as cell density and medium composition (Basic Protocol 2). We describe techniques for characterizing the chondrogenic differentiation process by histological analysis (Basic Protocol 3). The protocols also address common challenges encountered during the process and provide troubleshooting strategies. This fine-tuned comprehensive protocol serves as a valuable resource for scientists working in the fields of developmental biology, cartilage tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, offering an updated methodology for the study of efficient chondrogenic differentiation and cartilage tissue regeneration. © 2024 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Synchronized fertilization of mice Basic Protocol 2: Micromass culture of murine embryonic limb bud-derived cells Basic Protocol 3: Qualitative assessment of cartilage matrix production using Alcian blue staining.


Assuntos
Cartilagem , Condrogênese , Animais , Camundongos , Células Cultivadas , Diferenciação Celular , Mamíferos
20.
Acta Biomater ; 179: 121-129, 2024 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38494083

RESUMO

Reconstruction of the human auricle remains a formidable challenge for plastic surgeons. Autologous costal cartilage grafts and alloplastic implants are technically challenging, and aesthetic and/or tactile outcomes are frequently suboptimal. Using a small animal "bioreactor", we have bioengineered full-scale ears utilizing decellularized cartilage xenograft placed within a 3D-printed external auricular scaffold that mimics the size, shape, and biomechanical properties of the native human auricle. The full-scale polylactic acid ear scaffolds were 3D-printed based upon data acquired from 3D photogrammetry of an adult ear. Ovine costal cartilage was processed either through mincing (1 mm3) or zesting (< 0.5 mm3), and then fully decellularized and sterilized. At explantation, both the minced and zested neoears maintained the size and contour complexities of the scaffold topography with steady tissue ingrowth through 6 months in vivo. A mild inflammatory infiltrate at 3 months was replaced by homogenous fibrovascular tissue ingrowth enveloping individual cartilage pieces at 6 months. All ear constructs were pliable, and the elasticity was confirmed by biomechanical analysis. Longer-term studies of the neoears with faster degrading biomaterials will be warranted for future clinical application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Accurate reconstruction of the human auricle has always been a formidable challenge to plastic surgeons. In this article, we have bioengineered full-scale ears utilizing decellularized cartilage xenograft placed within a 3D-printed external auricular scaffold that mimic the size, shape, and biomechanical properties of the native human auricle. Longer-term studies of the neoears with faster degrading biomaterials will be warranted for future clinical application.


Assuntos
Pavilhão Auricular , Xenoenxertos , Impressão Tridimensional , Tecidos Suporte , Tecidos Suporte/química , Animais , Ovinos , Humanos , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Cartilagem da Orelha/fisiologia , Bioengenharia/métodos , Cartilagem/fisiologia
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